Continuous-pull firing mechanism for guns.



H. JAKoBssON. CONTINUOUS PULL FIRING MECHANISM FOR GUNS.

Patented Feb.4,1919.

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Y APPLICATION FILED FEB. 28,1917. y 1,293,103. Patented Feb.4,1919.

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H. JAKOBSSON. coNTlNuous PULL FIRING MECHANISM Foa Guus.

` APPLCAT|0N FILED FEB. 23| 1917- 1,2935103. Patented Feb.' 4, 1919.

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H. JAKOBSSON.

' .qnmuous PULL FIRING MEcHANlsM ma GuNs.

Arucmon man rEs.2a.1911.

Patented Feb.4,1919.

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1,293;103. Patented Feb. 4,1919.

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Attolriey.

HERMAN JAKOBSSON, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLITANIA.

CONTINUOUS-PULL FIRING MECHANISM FOR GUNS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 4, 1919.

Application led February 28,1917. Serial No. 151,406.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN JAxossoN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Philadel hia, county of Philadelphia, and State of ennsylvania, have invented a new and useful `Improvement in Continuous-Pull Firing Mechanism for Guns, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification.

The object of my invention is to provide a new and improved ring mechanism for breech loading guns. The invention is particularly applicable to that well known type of gun in which the breech block moves in and out of the breech in adirection transverse to the axis of the bore, whether in a vertical, horizontal or inclined plane, the opening movement taking place, preferably, automatically during the counter recoil of the gun and the closing movement also taking place automatically on the insertion of a fresh projectile and cartridge case. The invention is also applicable to a gun in which the breech block is manually operated. The cooking and iiring takes place by a continuous pull on the trigger, that is to say the hammer is cocked at the beginning of the trigger pull and released toward the end of the pull.

In describing the present invention I shall also, for purposes of clearness, describe the breech block actuating mechanism, and refe-r briefly to the cartridge extractor and shoulder piece carrying the` firing handle, but the construction embodying the cartridge extractor and shoulder piece are :not herein claimed, as the same form the subject-matter of co pending applications, Serial No. 151,407 and Serial No. 151,408, filed of even date herewith.

A preferred embodiment of my invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which,-

Figure 1 is an elevation of a gun and carriage with parts broken away.

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section, on line 2-2 of Fig. 5, through the breech end of the gun showing the breech block, in plan view, in open position.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 with the breech block shown in section and in closed position.

Fig. 4 is a vertical section substantially on line 4-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a transverse section on the line 5-5 of Fig. 3, looking toward the muzzle of the gun.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the breech block. -Y Y Y Y' Fig. 7 is an explanatory detail view of theY firing mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a detail perspective view of the end of the cooking sleeve.

Figs. 9 and l0 are longitudinal sectional views showing the firing mechanism inv different positions.

Fig. 11 is a detail perspective view of the hammer-retracting rocker lever.

Fig. 12 is an elevation of a portion of the manual devices for actuating the trigger of the firing mechanism.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view on the line 13-13 of Fig. 12.

Fig. 14 is an end View of the parts shown in Fig. 12.

30 represents the gun which is mounted on trunnions 29 on the carriage 28. 31 is the gun chamber and 32 the breech provided with a rearward opening 33 and a traverse opening or housing 34 in which the block or wedge 35 is made to slide in and out in the breech. The rear wall 36 of the housing is slightly inclined in conformity with the taper' of the block 35, so that when the mechanism is opened, that is, when the Ablock moves out transversely to the bore axis, it may also have a slight rearward movement. To insure the breech block 35 contacting with wall 36 in whatever position the block may be, a gib 37 and a corresponding groove 38 are provided respectively in the housing and the block, the direction of the gib and the groove being parallel with the wall 36. The groove 38 opens into cam groove 41 in order to facilitate the assembling and disassembling of the mechanism.

An operating crank 39, journaled in a lug on the breech 32, and engaging, by means of its head 40, a cam groove 41 in the block 35, controls the movement of the block. This crank 39 is actuated by a lever 42, having a handle 43 for manual operation and link connection 44 with some non-recoiling part of the gun carriage, for automatic operation in a suitable manner. The normal turning of the crank 39 is about 90, or in other words, from the crank head, as at 40al Fig. 2, in the closed position of the mechanism, to the crank head, as at 40, in the open position of the mechanism. These limits are controlled by the stop bolt 92, acting the groove 93 n the breechblock, as more i mechanism, thestop bolt 92 is irst removed andv the plug 110 thereupon turned about 180y degrees, so that the raisededge 112 then staIldS Onthe opposite side towhat is shown in Fig. 4 andthe hand' lever 42 will now be ableto turn an additional angle,vso that .the j head`40 of the operatingcrankA 39 can swingv intoithe position 40h, `as shown in Fig. 2.

That is, the head is registering withthe groove 38 in the breechiblock, which `now may be removed from the breechofthe gun.

In the centerl of the block is a 'bore -or chamber 54 for the ring gear,'consisting of a hammer oriring bolt'45'with a firing pin 46, surrounded bya cocking sleeve 47, which, fits the chamber 54, the latter be' ing closed by a' closing plate 48. The hammer y isguided partly in the cooking sleeve 47T and partly inl a forwardly` extending sleeve 57` on,4 the closing plate 48 through the intermediary ofthe hammer shank49'.' Between the hammer head and the `closing plate 48 is inserted the coiled main or lfiring spr-ing 50, tending to' push the hammer muzzljeward. Thus, when the gun isl loaded, the firing pin will be stopped by the primerin the cartridge case, 51, but when unloaded, the hammerhead will strike the front wall of the chamberl 54 when the trigger is pulled. Between the closing plate 48 and the cock-v ing sleeve 47 is inserted another coiled spring` 52, which surrounds spring 50 and tends to push'the cooking sleeve 47 muzzle-` ward until it rests against the front' wall of the chamber 54. They cocking sleeve is provided with one or more heels or lugs 53v projecting inward and engaging, with their rear faces, corresponding external heels 55 on` the hammer 45. Thel side faces of the heelsor lugs 53 and 55 are beveled at a suitable angle, say 30jdegrees,` for the purposehereinafter described. 1 f, The sleeve 57 is provided with one 0r, more helical slots 58 for a radial projection orlug 59 on Vthe hammer shank 49, At the d rWaId end of the slot is a transverse offset 60 en one side, into which the lug 59 can be turned, theV other side ofthe slot 58 being unbroken. The firing springk 50, which Vacts not only under lcompressionbut also as a torsional spring, tends to hold the hammer 111g 59 against the unbroken side of the slot 58 during travel ofthe hammer 45, and for a te'atA at eachv end for engaging in corresponding recesses 61, 62 in the hammer and closing-V plate respectively.

Thecocking sleeve 47 has a radial toe 6-3, serving -both as a key against turning and as a means engaging with the trigger 64. A longitudinal keyway 65, cut in the breech block, grips the sides of the toe 63, and this keyway opens into the1 cut' 66 provided for the trigger 64, whichis fulcrumed on' a removablespindle 67so as vto have sufficient throw to cock and lire the hammer through the i'nte rmediary`sofl the cocking sleeve. Theouter end of the trigger protrudes sufficiently beyond the "-face of `lthe breech block to engagewith the trigger link 68.

When the hammer is'relea'sed by the sleeve lugs 53, the firing pin 46 vprot-,rudes beyond the front face of the breech block. The r* ing pin remains in this position until the sleeve 747 advances under the action of its spring N52.' In vthe front 'end 0f -the firing gear chambery 5,4 is placed a rocker 69 having trunnionsf turningl in bearingspro yvided forthem in the breech block'. The

rocker has tworearwardly projecting heads 71 and 72,r which respectively engage with a forward portion of thelhammer 45 and the sleeve 47 lin lsuch a manner that with the firing gear in positionof rest (see Fig. 10), the pressure of'spring 52 is suiiicient to Olvercome the pressure of the main spring 50 and retract the hammer 45 until the ring pin point stands well within the block. `As this is the position the firing gear has when at rest and at the moment of closingthe mechanism, ythere sno possibility' of premature firing.

To prevent rattling when the sleeve and hammerarev retracted, `the 'small spring 73 may be provided-'engaging a tail 74 on the rocker, Vthus keeping the latter'pressed against the forward wall of thechamber 54; see Fig. 9, whichshows the position of the partsat the moment the gun is fixed and before thetrigger is released.

Toone side of, or below, the firing gear is placed a hammer reti-acting crank hav-v ing two arms 75 and 76 connected by means kof a spindle 77 which rests in a bearing in the breech block. The arm 75 engages with the forward face of thc -sleeve 47 and ak nose0 76Ton the arm l76 projects vinto the groove 41 (see Fig. 2'), formingk an-obstru'ction in the path of the crank arm head 40 when the crank arm is. swung rearward to open the mechanism. In case the'ring pin, for any reason, should stick in thefhole provided for it in the front face ofthe block, it will thus be forcibly drawn back at the beginning of the turning of the operating crank 39 and before the block begins to move, the first part of the crank groovebeingcurvedl concentrically around the axis of the crank 39.

80 is a cartridge case extractor and 88 a plunger acting as a latch for the extractor, the construction and operation of which are set forth in my said application Serial No. 151,407. The plunger 88 is actuated by a spring 89, which actuates a second plunger'A 91, which constitutes a latch for the collar of a stop bolt 92. The end of this bolt works in a groove 93 in the breech block (said groove being inclined parallel with the wall 36), thereby limiting the travel of the block in the breech.

A firing handle 100 is slidably mounted on a non-recoiling portion of the carriage. In this case it has been shown on the shoulder piece. The two shoulder piece arms 101, which are hollow, form guides for the firing handle. In one of these arms a rod 102 is carried. This rod is provided with a stud 103, which projects through the wall of the arm and has positive engagement with the firing handle 100. A hook 104 at the forward end of the rod 102 engages a horn 105 of a bell crank 106, turnably mounted on the breech end of the gun. The depending arm of the bell crank is connected by means of the trigger link 68 with the trigger 64. A spring 108 acts upon the bell crank 106 to cause it to exert a slight pull on the trigger when the parts are at rest, thus providing an additional safety for withdrawing the firing pin from the primer when the mechanism is closed.

The mechanism operates as follows Assume the gun to be loaded and the mechanism closed, as shown in Fig. 3. A continuous pull on the tiring handle 100 will then be communicated to the hammer 45 through the intermediary of the parts 103, 10a, 104., 106, 6e, e4., 63, i7, 53 and 55, and the hammer, with the firing pin, will thus be retracted. During its rearward travel the hammer will be simultaneously turned through the engagement of the keys or lugs 59 in the helical slots 58. As now the pull on the trigger is continued, as communicated from the handle 100,`the hammer lugs will eventually slip off the sleeve lugs 53, whereupon the hammer will be sent forward by the main spring 50 and re the primer. As the rocker 69 at this time is held against the spring 73, there is no obstruction to the hammers forward movement. Directly the gun has been fired it begins to recoil, and, as the tiring handle 100, with the rod 102, does not partake in the recoil, the bell crank 106 is now released even if the firing handle should still be held back, and as a consequence the spring 52 will send the sleeve forward. The sleeve, being keyed in a straight groove, proceeds in a straight path and compels the hammer 45 to turn sidewise when the lugs 55 hit the lugs 53. Directly the lugs have passed each other, the hammer turns back so that the hammer lugs stand right behind the sleeve lugs. Simultaneously the sleeve hits the head 72, causing the rocker 69 to tilt, whereby the head 71 engaging the hammer 45 will send the latter rearward, thus retracting the firing pin 46, which now retires behind `the front face of the breech block, as shown in Fig. 10.

On now opening the mechanism, which will either be accomplished by hand, or, if an automatic opening device is employed, by the latter turning the operating crank 39 during the recoil or counter recoil of the gun, the crank head 40 immediately moves out of the cam-groove 41 the arm 76 of the hammer crank, the other arm 75 of which draws back slightly the hammer 45, through the intermediary of the sleeve 47, in case the rocker, for any reason, should have failed to do its work. Not until this is done does the breech block begin to move. During the outward travel of the breech block the cartridge case is rst loosened and then extracted; the extractor in its retracted position locking the block in its open position, as fully described in my said application Serial No. 151,407.

Upon again loading the gun, the rim of the cartridge case engages the toe of the extractor 80, drawing the latter forward, thus releasing the block, which will now be pushed in, to close the mechanism actuated-v by the operating crank 39. It should be noted that the hammer does not become cocked during the opening and closing of the mechanism. Except for the slight withdrawal of the firing pin for the sake of safety, the firing gear does not move; the cooking and ring all being accomplished by means of a single pull on the firing handle 100, or on the trigger 64 if the firing handle should be dispensed with.

Having now fully described my invention, what I desire to claim and protect by Letters Patent is:

1. In firing mechanism for guns, the combination with an axially operable firing member, a slidable cooking member movable parallel with the firing member, and springs for said members tending to push them forward; of a third member positioned to en.- gage both of said members when the parts are at rest and operable by the cocking member to slightly withdraw the ring member from the primer, the relative tension ofsaid springs being so adjusted as to permit the cooking member to so operate.

2. In firing mechanism for guns, the combination with an `axially operable firing member, a slidable cocking member movable parallel with the-firing member, and springs, one for each of said members, tending to push them forward; of a rocking lever engaging the firing member and the cooking member, the fulcruln point of the lever being so positioned that, in coper- 'ation with the. relative pressures of the two springs, the firing memberwill be retracted.

3. A continuous pull firing gearfor guns having a breech block, comprising two aX- ially y slidable members within saidr block,

one of which is a cooking member and thev other of which is provided with a firing pin, said members having interengaging lugs, a

spring for each of said members tending to move the members in the direction of Ithe firing primer, means for retracting the cocking member, whereby said firing pin member will.y be simultaneously cocked through the intermediary of'said lugs, a bridge member engaging both said members when not actuatedby said means thereby slightly retracting said firing pin member, the relative 'tension of said springs being so adjusted` as lto permit said members-'to so v operate, and other means for causingl disvmember free to be thrown by engagement between said lugs by said retraction', therebyv setting said firing pin its spring against the firing primer.

v4'. A continuous pull iring gear for gunsV having a breech block,l comprising two axially slidable members within said block, one of which is a cocking member and the otherof which is provided with a firing pin,

saidmembers having interengaging lugs, a springl for each of said members tendingl to f move the members in the ydirectionof the tiring primer, means for retracting the cocking' member, and a stationary element, said firing pin member being axially guided in said stationary element and .in said` cooking member. -f

t 5. lA continuous pull-'firingifgear for guns ing member, a stationary-element, said iring i member for the purpose of gradually disenvpin member being axially guided in said stationary element and in said cooking member, and means on said element and said ring pin member for revolving said firing pin gaging saidxlugs during the retraction of said members, whereby said firing member will be set free to advance and fire the primer.

, 6.: In firing mechanism for guns, the combination with an axially operable firing member, av slidable cocking member surrounding the firing member and movable parallel with the ring member, and springs for said members tending to push them forward in longitudinal directiomlugs on said members situated one behind lthe other for -said longitudinal engagement, means for moving said firing pin member in transverse direction whereby the latter memberwill, first,I

be retracted through the intermediary of said lugs during the rearward movement of cocking member, second, set free through the intermediary of said means, and lastly, advanced by the action of its spring to ire the primer. f

7 1n firing mechanism for guns, the combination with an axially operable iiring member, a slidable cocking ymember surrounding the firing member and movable parallel kwith the iringmembenand springs for said members tendingto push them forward in longitudinal direction, lugs on said members ,situated one behind the other for longitudinal engagement, means for moving said iring pin vmember in transverse kdirection, whereby the latter member will, first, be retracted through the Y intermediary of said lugs duringthe rearward movement of said cooking member, second, vset free through the intermediary of said means, and lastly, advanced by they action of its spring to fire the primer, said lugs having beveled sides co-acting upon the ultimate release and advancement of saidA cooking member to push said firing pin member in transverse direction topermit said cooking member to pass and engage with its lugs in rontof said firing pin member.

8. A continuous pull firing gear for guns having a breech block, comprising two axially slidable members within said block, one

comprising a helical groove in said block and a corresponding projection on said iring pin member, for causing disengagement lbetween said lugs by said retraction, thereby setting said `firing pin vmember free to be thrown by its springagainst the firing primer.

9, A ring mechanism for guns comprising a ring member and-'.a'cocking member, means for moving said'members parallel to each other in directionofring the gun, and a rocking organ constructed to engage both of said members temporarily when the parts are at rest, the ulcrum of said organ being situated between its contacty points with said two members, whereby the rocking organ, when actuated by said cooking member, holds the firing member in a slightly retracted position.

l0. A continuous pull firing gear for guns iso hav ing a breech block, comprising tWo axially slidable members Within said block, one of which is a cooking member and the other of which is provided With a firing pin, said members having interengaging lugs, a spring for each of said members tending to move the members in the direction of the firing primer, means for retracting the cooking member, said means comprising a trigger engaging said cooking member and fulcrumed in said block, a firing crank having connection with said trigger and being mounted to oscillateon the gun, and a spring tending to Withdraw said firing pin member from the primer into safe position.

l1. A continuous pull firing gear for guns having a breech block, comprising tWo axially slidable members Within said block, one of Which is a cooking member and the other of which is provided with a firing pin, said members having interengaging lugs, a spring for each of said members tending to move the members in the direction of vthe firing primer, means for retracting the cocking member, said means comprising a trigger engaging said cooking member and fulcrumed in said block, a ring crank having connection With said ,trigger and being mounted to oscillate on the gun, and a spring tending to Withdraw said firing pin member from the primer into safe position,

a slidable handle and a guide therefor, and a connecting member positively engaging said handle and releasably engaging said ring crank, said guide and handle being mounted on a non-recoiling part.

In testimony of Which invention, I have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, on this 12th day of February, 1917.

HERMAN JAKOBSSON.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ive cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents, Washington, ZD. C. 

